Hydration status before exercising has an impact on athletic performance. Drinking an electrolyte drink before key training sessions, races or events is called ‘pre-loading.’ The thought behind preloading is that drinking fluid with sodium helps to promote fluid retention, which could improve endurance performance in the heat.
You may have experienced attempting to preload with just water and had to make frequent trips to the bathroom. Additional sodium helps reduce the number of times you may urinate before a race and crucially it may help to alleviate muscle cramps in the later stages of a race, or long hard training sessions.
So high sweat rates in athletes result in loss of both fluid and sodium. There is a significant individual variation on sodium losses during activity and the advanced sweat test can help you narrow in on your sodium loss. It is important to understand that high sodium products are designed to be taken at times when sweat and sodium losses are high, not for casual day to day use when they are not needed.
More day-to-day ways to remain well hydrated and with enough electrolytes would be the use of table salt on foods, salty snacks and adding salt to commercial brand sports drinks. Anyone with concerns over blood pressure should consult their GP before adding more salt to their diet.